Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Ginkgolide B is a terpene lactone derived from the leaves of Ginkgo biloba. Its use for migraine, particularly migraine with aura, is supported primarily by scientific rather than traditional evidence. Several clinical studies have investigated the efficacy of Ginkgolide B, often in combination with other compounds such as coenzyme Q10 and magnesium, for the prevention of migraine attacks. A pivotal randomized, placebo-controlled trial published in 2009 (Cephalalgia, 2009; 29(3): 314–318) demonstrated that a combination product containing Ginkgolide B, coenzyme Q10, and vitamin B2 significantly reduced the frequency and severity of migraine attacks in pediatric patients. Additional open-label and small-scale studies have shown similar results, reporting a decrease in migraine frequency and improvements in quality of life. These studies suggest that Ginkgolide B may exert beneficial effects by antagonizing platelet-activating factor (PAF), a mediator implicated in migraine pathophysiology, and by modulating neuroinflammatory pathways. However, the evidence is limited by small sample sizes, lack of large-scale independent trials, and frequent use of combination preparations rather than Ginkgolide B alone. There is also limited data directly comparing Ginkgolide B to established migraine prophylactics. Thus, while the scientific rationale and preliminary clinical evidence are promising, more robust research is needed to firmly establish its efficacy and safety as a migraine treatment.

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