Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 4

Diclofenac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that has scientific validation for its use in the acute treatment of migraine attacks. Multiple randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses have found diclofenac, particularly in its potassium salt formulation (diclofenac potassium), to be effective in reducing headache intensity and associated symptoms (such as nausea and photophobia) in adults with migraine. The efficacy of diclofenac potassium is attributed to its rapid absorption and potent inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis, which plays a key role in migraine pathophysiology by promoting inflammation and sensitization of pain pathways.

Clinical trials have demonstrated that oral diclofenac potassium, at doses of 50 mg or 100 mg, provides significant pain relief compared to placebo within 2 hours of administration. Its effectiveness is considered comparable to other NSAIDs and some triptans for mild to moderate migraine attacks. Diclofenac is included in several international headache society guidelines as a treatment option for acute migraine, especially when triptans are contraindicated or ineffective. However, its use is not generally indicated for migraine prevention, and clinicians must be mindful of NSAID-related gastrointestinal, renal, and cardiovascular risks.

Overall, the use of diclofenac for acute migraine is supported by robust scientific evidence, with systematic reviews and clinical guidelines endorsing its role in symptomatic relief.

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