Salacia, a genus of plants used in traditional Ayurvedic medicine, has garnered scientific interest for its potential role in managing metabolic syndrome, particularly in reducing blood glucose and improving lipid profiles. Several studies have identified key bioactive compounds in Salacia species—such as salacinol, kotalanol, and mangiferin—that act as potent inhibitors of intestinal α-glucosidase and aldose reductase. By inhibiting these enzymes, Salacia extracts can reduce the absorption of carbohydrates in the gut, leading to lower postprandial blood glucose spikes.

Clinical trials, though limited in scale and duration, have shown that Salacia reticulata and Salacia oblonga extracts can decrease fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and triglyceride levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes or components of metabolic syndrome. For example, a double-blind, placebo-controlled study published in the Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition (2014) found that Salacia extract supplementation over 12 weeks improved glycemic control and lipid parameters. Animal studies further support these findings, indicating improvements in insulin sensitivity and reductions in body weight.

However, the overall quality and quantity of evidence remain moderate. Most studies are small, short-term, or funded by supplement manufacturers, and there is a lack of large, long-term randomized controlled trials confirming efficacy or safety. While the mechanistic rationale is strong and early results are promising, further research is needed before Salacia can be fully endorsed for metabolic syndrome management.