Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Vitamin B1, also known as thiamine, is essential for normal brain function because it plays a critical role in energy metabolism, particularly in nerve cells. Severe thiamine deficiency can lead to neurological disorders such as Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, which is characterized by profound memory impairment and cognitive dysfunction, most commonly seen in chronic alcoholism. Clinical evidence supports the use of thiamine supplementation to prevent or treat these deficiency-related neurological conditions. There is some limited evidence from observational and small interventional studies suggesting that low thiamine levels may be associated with cognitive decline in older adults, and that supplementation may improve cognitive performance in individuals with deficiency. However, for the general population without deficiency, there is currently insufficient evidence to support routine thiamine supplementation for memory enhancement or general brain function. Most clinical guidelines recommend thiamine only in cases of deficiency or at-risk populations. Therefore, while there is clear scientific evidence for its role in treating deficiency-related cognitive problems, there is only weak evidence for its use in enhancing memory or brain function in healthy individuals.

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