Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Nitric oxide (NO) is a signaling molecule with well-documented roles in the nervous system, including synaptic plasticity, neuronal communication, and cerebral blood flow. Scientific interest in NO as a potential support for memory and brain function arises from its involvement in processes such as long-term potentiation (LTP), which underlies learning and memory formation. Preclinical studies in animals have shown that manipulating NO levels can affect memory performance, with inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase (the enzyme producing NO) sometimes impairing, and NO donors sometimes enhancing, certain types of memory tasks.

However, direct clinical evidence in humans for NO donors or NO-boosting supplements improving memory or cognitive function is limited and inconsistent. Most human studies have focused on older adults or populations with vascular issues, where NO-mediated vasodilation may improve cerebral perfusion. Some small trials with dietary nitrates (which increase NO availability) have suggested modest improvements in cognitive performance, but these effects are not robust or widely replicated.

Overall, while the biological rationale is strong and preclinical data are supportive, clinical evidence for the use of nitric oxide specifically to treat or support memory and brain function in healthy individuals is currently limited. Larger, well-controlled human trials are needed to establish efficacy.

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