Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Lactoperoxidase is an enzyme naturally present in milk and various mucosal secretions, where it plays a role in the innate immune system by catalyzing the oxidation of thiocyanate ions in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, producing antimicrobial compounds. Its application in the treatment and prevention of mastitis, particularly in dairy cattle, is supported by scientific evidence, though the strength of this evidence is moderate and largely preclinical or veterinary-focused rather than derived from large-scale human clinical trials.

Studies have demonstrated that the lactoperoxidase system exhibits significant antibacterial activity against common mastitis pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. In dairy science, the enzyme has been incorporated into teat dips, sprays, and milking hygiene products to reduce bacterial load on the udder and decrease the incidence of mastitis. Some research also suggests that enhancing the natural lactoperoxidase activity in milk can prolong milk's shelf life and protect against infection. However, direct therapeutic use of purified lactoperoxidase for mastitis in humans is not widely practiced or studied.

While the use of lactoperoxidase-based systems is validated by experimental and field studies in veterinary medicine, especially for bovine mastitis, the evidence for its use in human mastitis is limited. Thus, its application is scientifically justified in the context of veterinary medicine, with a moderate evidence rating of 3/5, primarily due to the lack of extensive human clinical trials.

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