Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Synopsis: Anthocyanins are flavonoid compounds found in deeply pigmented fruits and vegetables like blueberries, blackcurrants, and purple sweet potatoes. They have been studied for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, which theoretically could benefit retinal health and slow progression of diseases like Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD). Several small clinical studies and preclinical animal models have suggested that anthocyanins may reduce oxidative stress and inhibit pathways involved in retinal degeneration. For example, some in vitro and animal research indicates anthocyanins can protect retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells from oxidative damage, a hallmark of AMD pathology.

However, robust, large-scale randomized controlled trials in humans specifically addressing anthocyanin supplementation for AMD prevention or treatment are lacking. A few small human studies have shown improvement in subjective symptoms or some retinal parameters, but these studies are often limited by sample size, short duration, and methodological weaknesses. Systematic reviews note that while the biological plausibility is strong, direct clinical evidence remains limited and inconclusive. The use of anthocyanins for AMD is therefore supported by early-stage scientific research, but not yet validated by high-quality clinical trials. Current clinical guidelines for AMD do not recommend anthocyanins as standard therapy, though they are sometimes included in over-the-counter eye health supplements.

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