Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

3,3'-Dihydroxy-β-carotene-4,4'-dione, also known as astaxanthin, is a carotenoid pigment found in various marine organisms. Its use in supporting or treating Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is based on scientific rationale, though the evidence is moderate rather than conclusive. Astaxanthin has demonstrated potent antioxidant properties, which are relevant because oxidative stress is believed to contribute to the pathogenesis of AMD. Several in vitro and animal studies have shown that astaxanthin can protect retinal cells from oxidative damage. Small human clinical trials and pilot studies have explored its effects, either alone or in combination with other carotenoids (such as lutein and zeaxanthin), reporting some improvements in visual function and retinal health markers. However, robust, large-scale randomized controlled trials specifically targeting AMD populations are lacking, and current clinical guidelines do not include astaxanthin as a primary recommended supplement for AMD. The AREDS and AREDS2 studies, which set the standard for nutritional management of AMD, did not include astaxanthin among their tested antioxidants. In summary, while there is a scientific rationale and some supportive data for the use of astaxanthin in AMD, the evidence is not strong enough to unequivocally recommend it as a treatment or preventive measure. Further high-quality clinical studies are needed.

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