Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Lentinula edodes mycelia, commonly known as shiitake mushroom mycelia, is used in complementary and integrative medicine to support patients with lymphoma and other cancers. The primary active compound investigated is lentinan, a beta-glucan polysaccharide extracted from the mushroom’s cell wall. Scientific research, particularly in East Asia, has explored lentinan’s immunomodulatory and anti-tumor properties. Several clinical studies (mostly in Japan and China) have evaluated lentinan as an adjunct to chemotherapy in various cancers, mainly gastric, colorectal, and lung cancers. These studies suggest improved survival rates, immune function, and quality of life, although the evidence for lymphoma specifically is less robust.

Preclinical studies indicate that lentinan can activate immune cells such as macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells, and T lymphocytes, and may enhance cytokine production, leading to increased anti-tumor activity. Some small pilot studies and case reports in lymphoma patients suggest potential benefits, such as improved immune markers and reduced adverse effects from conventional treatments. However, high-quality, large-scale randomized controlled trials (RCTs) specifically targeting lymphoma are lacking.

The use of Lentinula edodes mycelia in lymphoma is justified primarily by scientific rationale and preliminary evidence, rather than strong tradition in folk medicine for this specific condition. The overall evidence is moderate (rated 3/5): there is biological plausibility and some clinical support, but not enough definitive data to recommend it as a sole or primary therapy. Further research is needed to clarify its efficacy and safety profile in lymphoma patients.

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