Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Vitamin D has been investigated for its potential role in supporting or treating systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE, commonly known as lupus). Multiple studies have shown that patients with lupus frequently exhibit vitamin D deficiency, likely due to photosensitivity, avoidance of sunlight, and possible disease-related metabolic changes. Vitamin D is known to have immunomodulatory effects, influencing both innate and adaptive immune responses. Observational studies have found associations between low vitamin D levels and increased disease activity in lupus. Some small interventional studies and randomized controlled trials have suggested that vitamin D supplementation may reduce disease activity markers (e.g., SLEDAI scores) and improve some immunological parameters, though the results have been modest and sometimes inconsistent.

Current guidelines do not recommend high-dose vitamin D as a primary therapy for lupus, but supplementation is often suggested to correct deficiency and support general health, particularly bone health, in these patients. While the evidence supporting a direct disease-modifying effect is not robust, the immunological rationale and the prevalence of deficiency provide justification for its use as an adjunctive therapy. Further large-scale, well-designed trials are needed to conclusively determine the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in lupus management.

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