Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

L-glutathione is a tripeptide composed of glutamine, cysteine, and glycine, and is a crucial antioxidant in the body. Its use in supporting liver detoxification has a strong scientific basis. Glutathione is highly concentrated in liver cells, where it plays a central role in phase II detoxification processes. It acts both as a direct antioxidant, neutralizing reactive oxygen species and free radicals, and as a cofactor for several detoxifying enzymes, such as glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). These enzymes catalyze the conjugation of glutathione to potentially harmful substances, making them more water-soluble and easier to excrete. Numerous animal and in vitro studies demonstrate that glutathione depletion impairs liver function and increases vulnerability to hepatotoxicity from drugs (e.g., acetaminophen) and environmental toxins. Clinical research in humans shows that intravenous or oral glutathione supplementation can raise hepatic glutathione levels and may reduce liver enzyme markers of oxidative stress, particularly in populations with liver diseases such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), hepatitis, or alcoholic liver disease. However, the evidence from large-scale, long-term clinical trials is still limited, and the oral bioavailability of glutathione is debated, although some studies suggest benefits. In summary, the use of L-glutathione for liver detoxification is scientifically grounded, primarily due to its biological role in hepatic antioxidant defense and detoxification pathways, but more high-quality clinical evidence is needed to confirm its therapeutic efficacy.

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