Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Diatomaceous Earth (DE) is used to support the treatment of lice based on its physical properties as a desiccant. Several scientific studies have demonstrated that DE can be effective against lice infestations, particularly head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis). The mechanism is mechanical: the fine, abrasive particles of DE damage the protective waxy layer of the lice exoskeleton, leading to dehydration and death. In a 2010 randomized controlled trial (Burgess et al., BMJ), a product containing DE showed comparable efficacy to traditional insecticidal treatments, with fewer adverse reactions. Other in vitro and in vivo studies have corroborated these findings, indicating that DE can reduce lice populations significantly without the neurotoxic effects associated with some chemical pediculicides.

However, DE's efficacy can vary depending on formulation, application method, and environmental humidity. Some studies suggest that while DE is generally safe, it may cause skin or respiratory irritation if not applied carefully. The evidence base is moderate, with a handful of controlled clinical trials and laboratory studies supporting its use, but more large-scale, independent studies would strengthen the recommendation. Overall, the scientific validation for DE in lice management is present but not definitive, and it is considered a promising non-chemical alternative.

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