Amino acids are fundamental building blocks of proteins and play essential roles in numerous physiological processes, including those relevant to kidney function. There is some scientific evidence supporting the use of specific amino acids in the management of certain kidney conditions, particularly in the context of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and during dialysis. For example, essential amino acids, or their keto analogues, are sometimes supplemented in very-low-protein diets for patients with advanced CKD to help meet nutritional needs without increasing the burden on the kidneys. This approach aims to reduce the accumulation of nitrogenous waste while preventing malnutrition and muscle wasting, which are risks in CKD patients on protein-restricted diets.

However, the evidence base is moderate and primarily applies to specific medical settings under professional supervision. Research has shown that such supplementation may help maintain nutritional status and improve some metabolic parameters, but definitive long-term benefits on kidney disease progression or mortality are less clear. Amino acids are not broadly recommended as "kidney support" supplements for the general population, and indiscriminate use could be harmful in people with impaired renal function due to the risk of waste accumulation. Thus, while there is scientific rationale for the targeted use of amino acids in renal nutrition therapy, their use should be individualized and medically supervised.