Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Mucilage refers to a group of complex, water-soluble polysaccharides found in various plants such as Plantago ovata (psyllium), slippery elm, and marshmallow root. The use of mucilage for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is primarily supported by scientific evidence, particularly for certain mucilaginous fibers like psyllium. Several randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses indicate that psyllium, due to its high mucilage content, can alleviate some IBS symptoms, especially constipation and irregular bowel movements. Psyllium husk absorbs water in the gut, forming a gel-like substance that helps regulate stool consistency and transit time.

The American College of Gastroenterology and several systematic reviews (e.g., Ford et al., 2014, Am J Gastroenterol) recommend soluble fiber supplementation, particularly psyllium, for IBS symptom relief. In contrast, insoluble fibers like wheat bran may worsen symptoms. The proposed mechanisms include bulking and softening stool, normalizing bowel movements, and potentially modulating gut microbiota.

Evidence for other mucilage-rich herbs (slippery elm, marshmallow) is much weaker and largely anecdotal or based on traditional medicine, with little robust clinical data. Thus, while the broad category of mucilage is used, only specific sources (notably psyllium) have consistent scientific backing for IBS support, meriting a moderate (3/5) evidence rating.

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