Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Tea tree oil (Melaleuca alternifolia) has been traditionally used by Indigenous Australians for a variety of medicinal purposes, including as an insect repellent. In recent decades, scientific studies have explored its efficacy in this context. Research indicates that tea tree oil possesses insect-repelling properties, primarily due to its high content of terpinen-4-ol and other terpenes. Laboratory studies have shown that tea tree oil can repel mosquitoes and some other biting insects. For example, a 2010 study published in “Australian Journal of Entomology” found tea tree oil to be effective in repelling Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, though not as long-lasting as DEET. Other studies have demonstrated some activity against lice and other arthropods.

However, the quality and quantity of evidence is moderate. Most studies are small-scale or in vitro, and results are sometimes inconsistent. The duration and efficacy of protection provided by tea tree oil tend to be shorter than conventional repellents like DEET or picaridin. Despite these limitations, tea tree oil is sometimes included in natural insect repellent formulations. Overall, scientific evidence supports its use as a mild, short-term insect repellent, but it is less effective than standard options. More robust clinical studies are needed to fully establish its efficacy and safety for this purpose.

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