Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Farnesene is a naturally occurring sesquiterpene found in the coatings of green apples and in other plants. There is scientific evidence supporting its use as an insect repellent, though the body of research is not extensive. Laboratory studies have demonstrated that farnesene and its isomers can act as a deterrent for certain insect species, particularly aphids, by interfering with their host-seeking and feeding behaviors. Farnesene is a component of some plants' natural defense mechanisms, and its volatility allows it to function as a semiochemical—signaling molecules used in interspecies communication—discouraging insects from feeding or ovipositing on treated surfaces.

Some research has shown that (E)-β-farnesene, in particular, serves as an alarm pheromone for aphids, causing dispersal and avoidance behaviors. This property has been explored in the development of "push-pull" pest management strategies in agriculture. However, the effectiveness of farnesene as a broad-spectrum insect repellent for human use (e.g., against mosquitoes) is less well-documented. Most studies are limited to agricultural contexts and specific insect taxa. While there is a scientific rationale and some supportive experimental evidence for farnesene's insect-repelling properties, its efficacy and safety as an ingredient in commercial insect repellents for personal use require further research and validation.

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