Evidence supporting the use of: European elderberry constituents (unspecified)
For the health condition: Influenza

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

European elderberry (Sambucus nigra) has been traditionally used to treat colds and flu-like symptoms, but there is also some scientific evidence supporting its use for influenza. Several small clinical trials and laboratory studies have suggested that elderberry extracts may reduce the duration and severity of influenza symptoms. For example, randomized controlled trials published in peer-reviewed journals (such as Zakay-Rones et al., 1995 and 2004) found that elderberry syrup reduced symptom duration by about 4 days compared to placebo in patients with confirmed influenza. Mechanistically, elderberry contains flavonoids (particularly anthocyanins) that have demonstrated antiviral activity in vitro, including inhibition of influenza virus entry and replication. Elderberry may also enhance cytokine production and modulate the immune response.

However, the overall quality and quantity of clinical evidence is limited: studies tend to be small, with some methodological weaknesses, and there is a lack of large, well-controlled trials. Meta-analyses and systematic reviews note promising results but also emphasize the need for more rigorous research. While current data suggest a potential benefit and support its use as an adjunct for influenza symptom management, elderberry should not be considered a substitute for vaccination or antiviral medications. Adverse effects appear to be rare when prepared properly, but raw or unripe elderberries can be toxic.

More about European elderberry constituents (unspecified)
More about Influenza

Other health conditions supported by European elderberry constituents (unspecified)

Colds (antiviral)
Infection
Infection (viral)
Influenza
Sinus Infection
Urinary Tract Infections

Products containing European elderberry constituents (unspecified)

We currently have no products on Caring Sunshine that contain this ingredient.