Evidence supporting the use of: European elderberry constituents (unspecified)
For the health condition: Influenza
Synopsis
Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3
European elderberry (Sambucus nigra) has been traditionally used to treat colds and flu-like symptoms, but there is also some scientific evidence supporting its use for influenza. Several small clinical trials and laboratory studies have suggested that elderberry extracts may reduce the duration and severity of influenza symptoms. For example, randomized controlled trials published in peer-reviewed journals (such as Zakay-Rones et al., 1995 and 2004) found that elderberry syrup reduced symptom duration by about 4 days compared to placebo in patients with confirmed influenza. Mechanistically, elderberry contains flavonoids (particularly anthocyanins) that have demonstrated antiviral activity in vitro, including inhibition of influenza virus entry and replication. Elderberry may also enhance cytokine production and modulate the immune response.
However, the overall quality and quantity of clinical evidence is limited: studies tend to be small, with some methodological weaknesses, and there is a lack of large, well-controlled trials. Meta-analyses and systematic reviews note promising results but also emphasize the need for more rigorous research. While current data suggest a potential benefit and support its use as an adjunct for influenza symptom management, elderberry should not be considered a substitute for vaccination or antiviral medications. Adverse effects appear to be rare when prepared properly, but raw or unripe elderberries can be toxic.
More about European elderberry constituents (unspecified)
More about Influenza
Other ingredients used for Influenza
green chirettaastragalus
myrobalan
benegut perilla (proprietary)
black garlic
black pepper
Indian frankincense
bupleurum falcatum
camu camu
catechins
caterpillar mushroom
chaga mushroom
Coptis chinensis
cordyceps
turmeric
dog rose
echinacea purpurea
elderberry
ginger
glehnia root
goldenseal
gooseberry
greek mountain tea
green tea
honeysuckle
l-cysteine
lactobacillus casei
lactoferrin
lactoperoxidase
lentinula edodes mycelia
licorice root
monolaurin
nettle
quercetin
reishi mushroom
selenium
spirulina
sweet wormwood
vitamin C
vitamin D
zhejiang fritillary
zinc
boneset
tangerine
alpinia galangal
myrrh
yerba santa
chrysanthemum
flowering quince
ganoderma
anemarrhena asphodeloides
eucalyptus
abies spectabilis
algae
Avens
Agarikon Mushroom
Apple Cider Vinegar
Agastache
Anamarrhena
acacia
Agrimony
Allicin
Anamu
AHCC
Andrographolide
American Liverleaf
Astragaloside
Andrographis
Alsonia scholaris
Adenophora
Alliin
Asarum sieboldii
Bee Propolis
Black Seed
Baikal Skullcap
Bryonia
Balsam
Basidiomycota
Borage
Bupleurum
Baicalin
Black Hellebore
Balloon Flower
Clerodendrum trichotomum
coconut oil
Coriolus mushroom
Clerodendrum phlomidis
Carvacrol
Cineole
Centipeda
Cistus
Chaenomeles lagenaria
Currant
Chondrus
Ephedra
European Elder
Elk antler
Echinacea
Elder
Euphorbia
Embelia
Flavanones
Frankincense
Flavones
Glehnia littoralis
Guaco
Gallesia
Glycyrrhizin
Little ironweed
Other health conditions supported by European elderberry constituents (unspecified)
Colds (antiviral)Infection
Infection (viral)
Influenza
Sinus Infection
Urinary Tract Infections