Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Echinacea, particularly Echinacea purpurea and Echinacea angustifolia, has a long history of use in traditional herbal medicine in North America, especially among indigenous peoples and later by European settlers. Traditionally, Echinacea preparations were used to support the immune system and help the body fight off infections, including colds and respiratory tract infections like influenza. The rationale for its use is based on the plant’s perceived ability to stimulate immune function. Over time, Echinacea became popular in Western herbalism as a remedy for preventing or reducing the duration and severity of viral infections such as influenza.

Modern scientific studies on Echinacea’s efficacy for influenza are mixed and generally limited in quality. Some laboratory studies suggest potential immunomodulatory or antiviral effects, but clinical trials in humans have mostly focused on the common cold, with few high-quality studies addressing influenza specifically. Reviews and meta-analyses indicate that while Echinacea may have a modest effect in reducing symptoms of upper respiratory tract infections, there is insufficient strong evidence to support its use specifically for preventing or treating influenza. Therefore, its use for influenza is justified primarily by tradition rather than robust scientific validation.

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