Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Catechins, particularly epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) found in green tea, have been investigated for their potential role in supporting or treating influenza. Laboratory studies have demonstrated that catechins possess antiviral properties, including inhibition of influenza virus replication and interference with the virus's ability to attach to host cells. These effects are thought to be due to catechins' antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions as well as direct interaction with viral particles.

Several in vitro and animal studies have shown that EGCG can reduce viral infectivity and decrease influenza severity. Small human clinical trials also suggest some benefit; for example, Japanese studies have reported that regular green tea consumption or catechin supplementation may reduce the incidence of influenza infection in schoolchildren and healthcare workers. However, these trials are limited in size, and their methodologies have sometimes been questioned.

Despite these promising findings, there is not yet enough robust clinical evidence to recommend catechins as a primary treatment or prevention strategy for influenza. Most health authorities still rely on vaccination and antiviral medications as the mainstays of influenza management. Thus, while there is scientific interest and some early evidence supporting catechins, the current body of evidence rates as modest (score 2/5), and further larger, well-designed clinical studies are needed to confirm their efficacy and safety.

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