Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Luteolin is a naturally occurring flavonoid found in various fruits, vegetables, and medicinal herbs. Its use in supporting or treating Inflammatory Bowel Disorders (IBD), such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, is primarily justified by emerging scientific research rather than longstanding traditional medicine. Preclinical studies, mostly in animal models and cell cultures, have demonstrated that luteolin exerts anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects. Specifically, luteolin has been shown to reduce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β), inhibit the activation of NF-κB (a key transcription factor involved in inflammatory responses), and decrease oxidative stress in the gut mucosa. Some animal studies have demonstrated that luteolin can reduce disease severity and histopathological damage in models of colitis. However, despite these promising findings, clinical evidence in humans remains very limited. There are currently few, if any, high-quality randomized controlled trials assessing the efficacy of luteolin supplementation in patients with IBD. The evidence base is thus considered preliminary, and while mechanistic data and animal research are encouraging, direct validation in human subjects is lacking. As a result, the evidence supporting luteolin’s use for IBD is rated as moderate to low (2/5), and it should not replace standard medical therapies but may be considered as an adjunct under medical supervision.

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