Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Lactococcus lactis is a probiotic bacterium commonly used in the dairy industry for fermentation, but it has also been investigated for its potential therapeutic effects in Inflammatory Bowel Disorders (IBD), including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. The justification for its use in IBD is rooted in scientific research, particularly in preclinical models. Several animal studies have demonstrated that genetically modified strains of L. lactis can deliver anti-inflammatory molecules (such as IL-10) directly to the gut mucosa, resulting in reduced inflammation and improved outcomes in models of colitis. There is also evidence that L. lactis can help modulate the immune response and maintain intestinal barrier function, both of which are important in IBD pathology.

However, human clinical trials are limited. Small pilot studies and phase I/II trials have evaluated the safety and feasibility of using recombinant L. lactis in patients with IBD. These studies suggest that the approach is safe and may have some beneficial effects, but the evidence remains preliminary. The overall level of evidence supporting the use of L. lactis in IBD is therefore modest and mostly based on animal and early-stage human data. More large-scale, well-controlled clinical trials are needed to establish efficacy. Thus, while there is scientific rationale and preliminary data, the evidence is not yet strong enough to warrant broad clinical adoption.

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