Lactobacillus species are widely researched probiotics in the context of Inflammatory Bowel Disorders (IBD), including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Scientific interest stems from their ability to modulate gut microbiota, enhance mucosal barrier function, and exert anti-inflammatory effects. Several randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses have assessed the efficacy of Lactobacillus strains, alone or in combination with other probiotics, for IBD management.

The evidence is mixed. Some studies, particularly those using Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Lactobacillus plantarum, report modest benefits in reducing disease activity, preventing relapse, or improving symptoms, particularly in ulcerative colitis and pouchitis after surgery. However, the benefit is generally less clear or absent in Crohn’s disease. Systematic reviews, including Cochrane analyses, typically conclude that while Lactobacillus may be safe and potentially helpful in specific subgroups (like pouchitis), the overall effect sizes are small and not always statistically significant, especially when compared to standard therapies.

Despite these limitations, the use of Lactobacillus in IBD is considered evidence-based, albeit with moderate support (hence a score of 3). The ongoing research and some positive findings justify its use as an adjunct, but not a replacement for standard treatments.