Boswellic acids, the active compounds found in the resin of Boswellia serrata (Indian frankincense), have been investigated for their anti-inflammatory properties, particularly in the context of Inflammatory Bowel Disorders (IBD) such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Scientific interest in boswellic acids arises from their ability to inhibit 5-lipoxygenase, an enzyme involved in the synthesis of pro-inflammatory leukotrienes, which are implicated in the pathogenesis of IBD.

Several clinical studies have explored the effects of Boswellia extracts in IBD patients. One randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial published in 2001 found that a Boswellia extract was as effective as sulfasalazine in maintaining remission in patients with ulcerative colitis, with fewer side effects. Additional small-scale studies have also reported improvements in symptoms and endoscopic findings among patients treated with Boswellia extracts, though these studies often had methodological limitations such as small sample sizes and short durations.

While preclinical studies in animal models and cell cultures support the anti-inflammatory effects of boswellic acids, the overall clinical evidence is still considered moderate. Larger, high-quality clinical trials are needed to confirm efficacy and safety. Nonetheless, the existing data provide some scientific validation for the use of Boswellic acids as an adjunct therapy in IBD, although they are not currently recommended as a first-line treatment in clinical guidelines.