Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Beta-glucans are naturally occurring polysaccharides found in the cell walls of cereals, bacteria, and fungi. There is some emerging scientific interest in their role as immunomodulators and potential adjuncts in the management of Inflammatory Bowel Disorders (IBD), which include Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Preclinical studies (mostly in animal models) have shown that beta-glucans can modulate immune responses, reduce inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, and improve gut barrier function. For example, studies using yeast-derived beta-glucans in mouse models of colitis have reported reductions in inflammation and histological damage. However, the clinical evidence in humans is limited and inconclusive. A handful of small pilot studies and clinical trials have examined oral beta-glucan supplementation in patients with IBD, with mixed results—some showing modest improvements in symptoms or biomarkers, while others show no significant effect. There is not yet enough high-quality, large-scale clinical research to firmly establish beta-glucans as a standard treatment or adjunct for IBD. In summary, while there is a scientific rationale and preliminary evidence from animal and limited human studies supporting the use of beta-glucans for IBD, the overall quality and quantity of evidence is currently low (rated 2/5). More robust clinical trials are needed to determine efficacy and safety in this context.

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