Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Dialyzable Leukocyte Extract (DLE), sometimes referred to as transfer factor, is a low-molecular-weight extract derived from human leukocytes. Its use in supporting or treating viral infections is based on its purported ability to modulate the immune response, particularly by enhancing cell-mediated immunity. Several small-scale studies and case reports suggest that DLE may have beneficial effects as an adjuvant in certain viral infections, such as herpes simplex virus, herpes zoster, and some chronic viral illnesses. For example, some trials from the 1980s and 1990s reported improved clinical outcomes and immune responses in patients with herpes infections who received DLE as an adjunct to standard care. However, the overall quality of evidence is limited. Most published studies are small, often open-label or uncontrolled, and there is a lack of large, high-quality randomized controlled trials. Systematic reviews have highlighted methodological weaknesses and variability in DLE preparations, making it difficult to draw firm conclusions about efficacy and safety. Regulatory agencies in many countries have not approved DLE for the treatment of viral infections due to insufficient robust evidence. In summary, while there is some scientific rationale and preliminary evidence supporting the use of Dialyzable Leukocyte Extract as an adjunct in viral infections, the evidence base is weak (rated 2/5), and its use is not widely endorsed in evidence-based clinical guidelines.

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