Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Probiotics, defined as live microorganisms that confer health benefits to the host when administered in adequate amounts, have been studied for their role in supporting or treating bacterial infections. The scientific evidence supporting the use of probiotics in bacterial infections is moderate and depends heavily on the specific strain, dose, and type of infection. Several randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses have shown that certain probiotic strains (e.g., Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, Saccharomyces boulardii) can reduce the incidence and severity of antibiotic-associated diarrhea, including that caused by Clostridioides difficile. Probiotics are also used to help restore gut flora disrupted by antibiotics, potentially reducing the risk of secondary infections. There is some evidence they may reduce the duration and severity of respiratory tract infections, though results are mixed.

However, the efficacy of probiotics against other bacterial infections, such as urinary tract infections or systemic infections, is less established and often strain-specific. The underlying mechanisms proposed include competitive exclusion of pathogens, enhancement of mucosal barrier function, and modulation of the immune response. Importantly, not all probiotics are effective for all types of bacterial infections, and the benefits are generally modest.

In summary, while there is scientific evidence supporting the use of specific probiotics for certain bacterial infections (mainly gastrointestinal), the overall quality of evidence is moderate (rated 3/5), and recommendations should be tailored to specific strains and clinical contexts.

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Other ingredients used for Infection (bacterial)

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