Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Pine (Pinus spp.) has a long history of traditional use in various cultures for treating infections, including bacterial ones. Traditional remedies often employed pine needles, bark, or resin in teas, poultices, or as inhalants for their purported antimicrobial properties. Indigenous peoples in North America and Eurasia have used pine preparations for wound care and respiratory infections, likely due to the aromatic resins and essential oils present in the plant. These substances, such as pinene and other terpenes, have been observed to possess mild antiseptic properties in laboratory settings.

However, while some in vitro studies indicate that pine extracts exhibit antibacterial activity against certain pathogens, the clinical evidence in humans is minimal and not robust. Most of the support for using pine against bacterial infection comes from ethnobotanical records and anecdotal use rather than controlled clinical trials. Thus, its use is justified more by tradition than by modern scientific validation. The evidence rating reflects the gap between traditional claims and the current level of scientific support.

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