Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Andrographis paniculata has a long history of use in traditional Asian medicine, primarily for treating infections and fever. Modern scientific studies have focused mainly on its antiviral and immunomodulatory properties, but there is also some evidence suggesting antibacterial activity. In vitro and animal studies have demonstrated that andrographolide, the main active compound, can inhibit the growth of certain bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The mechanisms proposed include disruption of bacterial cell walls and inhibition of bacterial biofilm formation. However, robust clinical trials in humans targeting bacterial infections specifically are limited. Most clinical research on Andrographis has centered on its effects in upper respiratory tract infections, many of which are viral. The evidence for its use against bacterial infections in humans is therefore limited, but not entirely absent, as some respiratory tract infection studies include mixed (viral and bacterial) etiologies and show some benefit. Overall, while there is scientific plausibility and preliminary evidence for antibacterial effects, the clinical evidence in humans is not strong or comprehensive at this time.

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