Aucubin is an iridoid glycoside found in several medicinal plants, such as Plantago asiatica and Plantago major. Its use in infection is supported by preliminary scientific evidence, primarily from in vitro and animal studies. Research has demonstrated that aucubin possesses antimicrobial, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory properties. For instance, studies have shown that aucubin can inhibit the growth of certain bacteria and viruses, including Staphylococcus aureus and influenza virus, by interfering with microbial replication or modulating immune responses (PubMed 23094133). Additionally, aucubin has demonstrated the ability to decrease the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which may contribute to its protective effects during infections.

However, the evidence supporting aucubin's use in treating human infections is limited. Most studies are preclinical, and there is a lack of robust clinical trials in humans. While traditional uses of aucubin-containing plants for infections exist in herbal medicine, the rating here reflects scientific evidence specific to aucubin itself. Therefore, while there is some scientific basis for its potential anti-infective effects, more research—including well-designed human studies—is needed to confirm efficacy and safety in clinical settings.