Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Peppermint for Indigestion: Scientific Evidence

Peppermint (Mentha × piperita) has a long history of use for digestive complaints, but its role in treating indigestion (dyspepsia) is supported by a moderate level of scientific evidence. The primary active constituent, menthol, is believed to exert antispasmodic effects on the smooth muscles of the gastrointestinal tract by blocking calcium channels. This action can help relieve symptoms of indigestion, such as bloating, abdominal discomfort, and gas.

Clinical studies—mainly involving enteric-coated peppermint oil capsules—have shown benefits for various functional gastrointestinal disorders, particularly irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Some studies have included populations with overlapping symptoms of dyspepsia, showing improvement in pain and discomfort compared to placebo. A 2019 systematic review found that peppermint oil was more effective than placebo in reducing global symptoms of functional dyspepsia, but the quality of evidence was moderate due to small sample sizes and study heterogeneity.

While peppermint is commonly used in traditional medicine for indigestion, its scientific validation is based on controlled trials with positive, though not definitive, results. The use of non-enteric coated peppermint oil (such as peppermint tea) for indigestion is less well studied. Notably, peppermint oil is contraindicated in individuals with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), as it may worsen reflux symptoms by relaxing the lower esophageal sphincter.

In summary, peppermint's use for indigestion is supported by moderate scientific evidence, particularly in the form of enteric-coated peppermint oil, but further high-quality research is needed to establish optimal use and efficacy.

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