Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) is an antioxidant enzyme that plays a critical role in the defense against oxidative stress by catalyzing the dismutation of superoxide radicals into oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathophysiology of hypertension, primarily through its effects on vascular endothelial function and nitric oxide bioavailability. Several preclinical studies have demonstrated that increased SOD activity can reduce blood pressure in animal models of hypertension, likely by improving endothelial function and reducing vascular oxidative damage.

In humans, the evidence is more limited and largely indirect. Some clinical studies have measured lower SOD activity in patients with hypertension, suggesting a correlation between oxidative stress and elevated blood pressure. A few small-scale human trials have evaluated the use of SOD-mimetic compounds or oral SOD supplements, with mixed results. Some studies report modest improvements in blood pressure or markers of oxidative stress, while others find no significant benefit.

Overall, while there is a plausible mechanistic basis and supportive preclinical evidence for the use of SOD in hypertension, robust clinical evidence in humans is lacking. Current guidelines do not recommend SOD supplementation for hypertension management. More rigorous, large-scale clinical trials are needed to determine its efficacy and safety in this context.

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