Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Ficus religiosa, commonly known as the sacred fig or "peepal" tree, has a long history of use in traditional medicine systems such as Ayurveda and Unani. It is traditionally used for a variety of health concerns including hypertension, diabetes, asthma, and inflammation. The bark, leaves, and fruits are employed in decoctions or powders, sometimes combined with other herbs. In the context of hypertension, traditional healers have recommended extracts of the bark or leaves as a remedy, believing the plant to have hypotensive (blood pressure lowering) properties. However, scientific validation for its antihypertensive activity is limited. A small number of animal studies suggest that extracts from Ficus religiosa may have some effect on blood pressure, possibly due to antioxidant or vasodilatory effects, but robust clinical trials in humans are lacking. The mechanisms proposed in preliminary research include the presence of flavonoids, tannins, and polyphenolic compounds, which may contribute to vascular relaxation or reduction in oxidative stress. Despite these points, the available scientific evidence is not strong and the traditional use far outweighs the clinical substantiation at this time. In summary, the use of Ficus religiosa for hypertension is primarily supported by traditional usage, with only minimal and early-stage scientific investigation. Further rigorous studies are needed to determine efficacy and safety in humans.

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