Neoandrographolide is a major diterpenoid constituent of Andrographis paniculata, a medicinal herb traditionally used in several Asian countries for liver ailments, including hepatitis. The traditional use of the plant for liver support forms the basis for its study, but there is a growing body of preclinical scientific evidence that specifically examines neoandrographolide's hepatoprotective effects. Laboratory and animal studies have shown that neoandrographolide can reduce markers of liver damage (such as ALT and AST) and oxidative stress in models of chemically-induced hepatitis or liver injury. The proposed mechanisms include antioxidant activity, modulation of inflammatory cytokines, and improvement of hepatic antioxidant enzyme levels.

For instance, several rodent studies have reported that neoandrographolide reduces hepatic inflammation and protects liver tissue from damage induced by toxins like carbon tetrachloride and paracetamol. Some studies suggest it may help modulate immune responses relevant to viral hepatitis, but direct clinical evidence in human hepatitis patients is lacking. No large-scale, high-quality human clinical trials have confirmed its efficacy or safety for hepatitis treatment, and most data come from in vitro or animal models.

In summary, while there is some scientific (preclinical) support for neoandrographolide's hepatoprotective properties, especially in the context of chemically-induced liver injury, robust clinical evidence for its use in human hepatitis is currently insufficient.