Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) is widely used to support the hepatic (liver) system, with its primary active component, silymarin, being the focus of most research. Scientifically, silymarin is recognized for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and membrane-stabilizing properties, which are thought to protect liver cells from toxins and promote liver regeneration. Several clinical studies have investigated milk thistle for conditions such as alcoholic liver disease, hepatitis, and toxin-induced liver damage. Some randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses suggest modest benefits in improving liver function tests and reducing liver-related symptoms, although results are mixed and methodological quality varies. Regulatory agencies such as the German Commission E approve milk thistle for supportive treatment of chronic inflammatory liver conditions. However, major health organizations note that while milk thistle appears safe, conclusive evidence for substantial clinical benefit in serious liver diseases is lacking. In summary, milk thistle’s use for hepatic support is justified by both traditional use and a moderate level of scientific validation, reflected in an evidence rating of 3/5 due to promising but not definitive clinical data.

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