Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Gamma-Glutamylcysteine is a dipeptide composed of glutamate and cysteine and is the immediate precursor to glutathione, a tripeptide with critical roles in hepatic detoxification and antioxidant defense. The liver is a primary site for glutathione synthesis and utilization, where glutathione acts to neutralize reactive oxygen species, detoxify xenobiotics, and maintain redox balance. Scientific studies have demonstrated that supplementation with gamma-glutamylcysteine increases intracellular glutathione levels more effectively than supplementation with glutathione itself, as the latter is poorly absorbed. Several preclinical studies have shown that gamma-glutamylcysteine can protect liver cells from oxidative damage and support liver function in models of hepatic injury. Human evidence remains limited but promising; one small clinical trial (Zarka & Bridge, 2017) found that oral gamma-glutamylcysteine supplementation increased blood glutathione levels and improved markers of oxidative stress in healthy adults. However, larger and more rigorous clinical trials in patients with liver disease are lacking. In summary, the use of gamma-glutamylcysteine to support hepatic function is grounded in its biochemistry and supported by animal and preliminary human research, but high-quality clinical evidence is still needed.

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