Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Marine lipids, particularly omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid), have been studied for their potential benefits in cardiovascular health, including the management of heart rhythm disturbances like atrial fibrillation (AF) and palpitations. Several observational studies have reported that populations with higher dietary intake of marine-derived omega-3s tend to have lower rates of arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Mechanistically, omega-3 PUFAs are believed to modulate cardiac cell membrane properties, stabilize electrical activity, and reduce inflammation, all of which may decrease the risk of abnormal heart rhythms.

However, the clinical trial evidence is mixed. Some randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have shown that omega-3 supplementation can reduce the incidence or recurrence of atrial fibrillation, particularly following cardiac surgery. For example, the OPERA trial found a reduction in postoperative AF with fish oil supplementation. Other large RCTs, such as the Omega-AF trial, have not demonstrated significant benefit in preventing recurrent AF in the general population. Meta-analyses often conclude that the benefit is modest at best, with some studies showing no effect.

In summary, while there is a plausible biological mechanism and some supporting clinical evidence, the overall strength and consistency of the evidence are moderate rather than strong. Thus, marine lipids are scientifically justified for supporting heart rhythm health, but should not be viewed as a primary or standalone treatment for fibrillation or palpitations.

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