Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Willow bark (Salix spp.) has been traditionally used for pain relief, including headaches, due to its content of salicin, a compound metabolized in the body to salicylic acid—similar to aspirin. Scientific studies have confirmed willow bark’s analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects, primarily in the context of lower back pain and osteoarthritis. However, its use for tension-type headaches specifically has less direct clinical evidence.

Some small clinical trials and observational studies have suggested that willow bark extract may alleviate various pain conditions, and its mechanism of action (inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis) is consistent with that of other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which are commonly used for tension headaches. Historical usage supports its application for headache relief, and modern herbal medicine texts often reference willow bark as a potential remedy.

Despite these promising mechanisms and traditional uses, there is a lack of large, high-quality randomized controlled trials specifically evaluating willow bark for tension headaches. Safety profiles are generally favorable, but caution is advised for individuals with aspirin allergies or those at risk for bleeding. Overall, while willow bark’s use for tension headaches is scientifically plausible and supported by its general analgesic properties, direct evidence remains limited, warranting a moderate evidence rating.

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