Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Willow (Salix spp.), particularly the bark, has been traditionally used for centuries to relieve pain and reduce fever. The primary active compound in willow bark is salicin, which is metabolized in the body to salicylic acid—a precursor to acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin). Scientific studies have demonstrated that willow bark possesses analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties, making it potentially effective for conditions involving pain, such as tension headaches.

Clinical evidence supporting willow bark’s efficacy for headache relief is moderate. Several small studies and reviews have indicated that willow bark can be effective in managing low back pain and osteoarthritis, both of which share some underlying inflammatory pathways with tension headaches. However, direct studies on willow bark specifically for tension-type headaches are limited. The mechanism of action—COX inhibition leading to reduced prostaglandin synthesis—is similar to that of aspirin, which is known to be effective for various types of headaches, including tension headaches.

Safety profiles suggest that willow bark is generally well tolerated, but it should be avoided in individuals with allergies to aspirin or those taking anticoagulants. In summary, while there is a scientific rationale and some indirect evidence for willow bark’s use in tension headaches, more direct, high-quality studies are needed to confirm its efficacy for this specific condition.

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