Evidence supporting the use of: Peony (unspecified)
For the health condition: Headache (tension)

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Peony (most commonly referring to Paeonia lactiflora or Paeonia suffruticosa) has a long history of use in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for various ailments, including headache, particularly those with a tension or “liver wind” component. In TCM theory, peony is believed to nourish the blood, soothe the liver, and alleviate pain, making it a common ingredient in herbal formulas such as Shaoyao San and Chuanxiong Cha Tiao San, which are prescribed for headache relief. However, scientific studies directly evaluating peony’s efficacy for tension headaches are lacking. Most available research focuses on peony’s general anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, as well as its use in combination formulas for menstrual or migraine-related pain. There is limited clinical evidence supporting its specific benefit for tension-type headaches, with only preclinical studies suggesting muscle relaxant and antispasmodic effects. Thus, while traditional usage is strong and persistent, scientific validation for peony’s use in tension headache is weak, and the evidence is largely indirect.

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