Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Black willow (Salix nigra) has a long history of traditional use for alleviating pain, including tension headaches. The bark of the black willow contains salicin, a compound that is metabolized in the body to salicylic acid, which is similar to the active ingredient in aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid). Historically, various Native American tribes and early European herbalists used willow bark preparations as a natural remedy for pain, fever, and inflammation, including headaches. However, while the traditional use is well-documented, there is limited direct scientific research specifically on black willow for tension headaches. Most modern studies have focused on white willow (Salix alba), which also contains salicin, and have shown some efficacy for general pain relief. The evidence for black willow itself is therefore extrapolated from related species and from its traditional use. Overall, while there is a plausible mechanism of action and historical precedent, direct, high-quality clinical trials on black willow for tension headaches are lacking, so the evidence is rated as modest.

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