Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Seleno Methionine is a selenium-containing amino acid form commonly used as a dietary supplement to address selenium deficiency. Its use in supporting or treating goiter, particularly in regions with concurrent iodine and selenium deficiencies, has some scientific basis, although the overall evidence is modest and not universally conclusive.

Selenium is essential for the function of several selenoproteins, including the enzyme thyroid peroxidase and glutathione peroxidase, which play roles in thyroid hormone synthesis and protection from oxidative damage within the thyroid gland. Several studies, including randomized controlled trials and epidemiological research, have shown that selenium supplementation in selenium-deficient populations can reduce thyroid peroxidase antibody levels and may modestly reduce the size of goiter, especially in autoimmune thyroiditis (such as Hashimoto's disease). However, these effects are not consistently observed in all studies, and selenium supplementation alone is not a primary treatment for goiter—iodine deficiency remains the principal cause of endemic goiter globally.

A 2003 study published in the European Journal of Endocrinology found that selenium supplementation reduced goiter prevalence in schoolchildren with marginal selenium and iodine deficiency. Other studies, however, have found limited or no impact of selenium supplementation on goiter size in adults. Thus, while there is scientific rationale and some supporting evidence for the use of seleno methionine in specific cases of goiter with confirmed selenium deficiency, the evidence is not robust or universally accepted, and the benefit is generally considered adjunctive to iodine supplementation.

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