Evidence supporting the use of: Jaborandi
For the health condition: Glaucoma
Synopsis
Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3
Jaborandi refers to plants in the genus Pilocarpus, the leaves of which contain the alkaloid pilocarpine. Historically, pilocarpine extracted from Jaborandi was discovered in the late 19th century and quickly found medical applications due to its cholinergic (parasympathomimetic) activity. Pilocarpine acts as a muscarinic receptor agonist, leading to contraction of the iris sphincter muscle and ciliary muscle in the eye, which facilitates the outflow of aqueous humor and reduces intraocular pressure (IOP). Elevated IOP is a major risk factor in glaucoma, particularly open-angle glaucoma. The use of pilocarpine eye drops for glaucoma is well established in ophthalmology and represents one of the earliest pharmacological treatments for this condition. Numerous clinical studies dating back to the early 20th century have confirmed its efficacy in lowering IOP. However, the use of pilocarpine has declined with the advent of newer medications that are more effective and have fewer side effects. Nevertheless, pilocarpine is still occasionally used in certain types of glaucoma or when other treatments are not suitable. It is important to note that the direct use of Jaborandi leaf or crude extracts is not recommended due to the variable and potentially toxic alkaloid content. Only standardized pharmaceutical pilocarpine preparations are appropriate for medical use. Thus, scientific evidence supports pilocarpine (from Jaborandi) in treating glaucoma, but modern practice favors safer alternatives.
