Silver, particularly in the form of silver nitrate, silver diamine fluoride (SDF), or colloidal silver, has been explored for its antimicrobial properties in dental care. The use of silver compounds for oral health dates back several decades, but recent scientific interest has focused on their ability to inhibit bacterial growth and reduce inflammation associated with gingivitis. Silver ions are known to disrupt bacterial cell walls, denature proteins, and interfere with DNA replication, which theoretically can reduce the microbial burden in dental plaque—a key factor in gingivitis.

Several in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the antimicrobial effects of silver-containing compounds against oral pathogens, including Porphyromonas gingivalis and Streptococcus mutans. Some clinical studies have shown that the topical application of silver diamine fluoride can reduce plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation, but most of the clinical focus has been on caries prevention rather than direct gingivitis management. Colloidal silver, though marketed in alternative health circles, is not widely supported by dental associations due to safety concerns and lack of robust evidence.

Overall, while there is some scientific basis for the antimicrobial use of silver in dentistry, the direct evidence supporting its routine use for treating or preventing gingivitis is limited and not yet conclusive. The efficacy and safety, especially for non-fluoride forms, require further investigation. Thus, the current scientific evidence supporting silver’s use specifically for gingivitis rates as modest.