Myrtle (Myrtus communis) has been traditionally used for its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties in various cultures, especially in Mediterranean and Middle Eastern herbal medicine. Recent scientific investigations have provided some validation for its use in the management of gingivitis. Several in vitro studies have shown that extracts of myrtle possess significant antibacterial activity against oral pathogens implicated in gingivitis, such as Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis. In addition, myrtle extract demonstrates anti-inflammatory effects by modulating cytokine production and reducing oxidative stress, which are relevant mechanisms in the pathogenesis of gingivitis.

Clinical trials, though limited in number and size, have reported that mouthwashes or gels containing myrtle extract can reduce gingival inflammation, decrease bleeding on probing, and improve overall periodontal health compared to placebo. For example, a randomized controlled trial published in the Journal of Herbal Medicine (2017) found that a myrtle-based mouthwash led to statistically significant reductions in gingival index and bleeding scores after four weeks of use. However, these studies are generally small, sometimes lack rigorous blinding, and often use different preparations and concentrations, making it difficult to draw definitive conclusions.

In summary, the use of myrtle for gingivitis is supported by both traditional use and preliminary scientific evidence, particularly for its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. However, larger, well-designed clinical trials are needed to fully establish its efficacy and safety for this indication.