Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA) is a taurine-conjugated secondary bile acid. The use of bile acids to dissolve cholesterol gallstones is a scientifically established approach, particularly with ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA). These acids reduce cholesterol saturation in bile, promoting gradual dissolution of cholesterol stones. While TDCA is structurally similar to these agents, direct clinical evidence for its use in treating gallstones in humans is limited. Most research on TDCA relates to its physicochemical properties, its role in bile flow, and its effect on cholesterol solubility in vitro or in animal models. Some animal studies suggest that TDCA can enhance cholesterol solubility in bile and might theoretically aid in gallstone dissolution. However, it has not been widely adopted in clinical practice, nor is it approved for this indication. The standard of care remains UDCA or CDCA, for which there is robust clinical data. Thus, although there is a scientific rationale based on bile acid chemistry and a limited amount of supportive preclinical research, the direct evidence for the use of TDCA in treating gallstones in humans is moderate at best and not as strong as for other bile acids.

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