Evidence supporting the use of: Valerian root
For the body system: GABA

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Valerian root (Valeriana officinalis) has a long history of traditional use as a sedative and sleep aid, and its effects have been linked to modulation of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) system in the brain. GABA is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter, and enhancement of GABAergic activity is known to promote relaxation and reduce anxiety. Several laboratory studies suggest that valerian extracts can increase GABA concentrations in synaptic clefts by inhibiting GABA breakdown or reuptake, and may bind to GABAA receptors, though the exact active constituents and mechanisms remain unclear.

Clinical evidence for valerian's efficacy in supporting GABA-related functions (such as sleep and anxiety reduction) is mixed. Meta-analyses and systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials indicate that valerian may have a mild beneficial effect on sleep quality, but results are inconsistent and often limited by study design flaws, small sample sizes, and subjective outcome measures. Evidence for anxiety reduction is weaker, with some small studies showing benefit and others showing no significant effect. Overall, while there is some scientific support for valerian’s interaction with the GABA system, the strength and consistency of the evidence are moderate to low, justifying a rating of 2/5.

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Other body systems supported by valerian root

Brain
GABA
Nerves
Parasympathetic Nervous System