Evidence supporting the use of: Terpinen-4-ol
For the health condition: Fungal Infections
Synopsis
Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 4
Terpinen-4-ol is a major active ingredient in tea tree oil (Melaleuca alternifolia), and its use for supporting or treating fungal infections is supported by scientific evidence. Multiple in vitro studies have demonstrated that terpinen-4-ol exhibits significant antifungal activity against a range of pathogenic fungi, including Candida albicans, Trichophyton rubrum, and other dermatophytes responsible for skin and nail infections. The mechanism of action is believed to involve disruption of fungal cell membrane integrity, leading to leakage of cellular contents and cell death.
Clinical studies and randomized controlled trials using tea tree oil preparations (containing high concentrations of terpinen-4-ol) have shown efficacy in conditions such as onychomycosis (fungal nail infection) and tinea pedis (athlete’s foot), although results can be mixed and tea tree oil is generally less effective than standard pharmaceutical antifungals. Nonetheless, terpinen-4-ol is regarded as the primary component responsible for tea tree oil’s antifungal effects. A notable example is a randomized trial published in the Journal of Family Practice (1994), where 100% tea tree oil was as effective as clotrimazole in treating toenail onychomycosis in some participants. Safety concerns are minimal when used topically, though allergic reactions can occur.
In summary, the use of terpinen-4-ol for fungal infections is based on both in vitro and clinical evidence, justifying its consideration as an adjunct or alternative treatment, particularly for mild superficial infections.
Other ingredients used for Fungal Infections
ajoenealoe vera
alpha-pinene
barberry
basil
beta-pinene
bisabolol
black walnut
caprylic acid
chamomile
cinnamon
turmeric
goldenseal
green tea
lactoperoxidase
lauric acid
monolaurin
oregano
oregon grape
phenolic acids
rosemary
sage
schizonepeta
undecylenic acid
neem tree
nut grass
commiphora
caesalpinia crista
pau d'arco
lemongrass
morinda
oriental arborvitae
zanthoxylum
polyphenols
eucalyptus
camphor oil
menthol oil
melaleuca alternifolia
geranium
10-Undecenoic Acid
3-Phenyllactic Acid
Agarikon Mushroom
Alpha-terpineol
Ardisia
Allicin
Anamu
Ajuga
Ampelopsis
Allyl Sulfide
allyl isothiocyanate
Allium tuberosum
Alantolactone
Bee Propolis
Babchi
Baphicacanthus cusia
Barleria
Brazillian peppertree
Bisabolene
Bee hive
Borate
Black Nightshade
benzyl isothiocyanate
Borneol
Curry leaf
Caryophyllene
Calendula
Cinnamomum
coconut oil
Carvacrol
Cajuput
Citral
Centipeda
Chalcone
Copaiba Oil
Citronella
Dianthus
Euphorbia
Eugenol
Geraniol
Gnaphalium
Glyceryl monolaurate
gamma-terpinene
Garlic
Glyceryl caprylate caprate
Glechoma hederacea
Geranial
Hedyotis
Mustard
Sandalwood
Sumac
Other health conditions supported by Terpinen-4-ol
AcneAthlete's Foot
Bites and Stings
Boils
Burns and Scalds
Cuts
Dermatitis
Fungal Infections
Infection
Infection (bacterial)
Infection (viral)
Inflammation
Itching
Itching Ears
Jock Itch
Lice
Rashes and Hives
Scabies
Scratches and Abrasions
Skin (infections)
Staph Infections
Thrush
Wounds and Sores