Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Mixed carotenoids, which include compounds such as beta-carotene, lutein, lycopene, and zeaxanthin, are widely recognized for their antioxidant properties. The scientific rationale for their use in supporting or mitigating free radical damage is based on their ability to quench singlet oxygen and neutralize reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby protecting cells from oxidative stress. Numerous in vitro and animal studies have demonstrated that carotenoids can effectively scavenge free radicals and reduce oxidative damage to DNA, proteins, and lipids.

In human studies, dietary intake of carotenoid-rich foods has been associated with reduced biomarkers of oxidative stress and lower risk of chronic diseases linked to oxidative damage, such as cardiovascular disease and certain cancers. However, the evidence from randomized controlled trials using carotenoid supplements is mixed. While some studies have shown modest reductions in oxidative stress markers, others have failed to demonstrate significant benefits, and high-dose supplementation, particularly of isolated beta-carotene, has even been associated with adverse effects in specific populations (e.g., smokers).

Overall, the use of mixed carotenoids for supporting the body's antioxidant defenses is scientifically plausible and supported by moderate evidence, particularly when consumed as part of a diet rich in fruits and vegetables. The benefit of supplementation with mixed carotenoids is less clear and appears to be context-dependent. Thus, while there is scientific validation for their antioxidant role, the strength of evidence for treating or preventing free radical damage in humans is moderate.

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Nature's Sunshine Perfect Eyes