Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is an endogenous fatty acid amide that has been studied for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. Its use in supporting or treating Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS) is primarily based on its potential to modulate neuroinflammation and pain signaling. Several small-scale clinical studies and case reports have investigated PEA in chronic pain syndromes, including neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia. A handful of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and open-label studies have shown that PEA supplementation may reduce pain intensity and improve quality of life in people with various chronic pain conditions, including fibromyalgia. For example, a 2017 open-label study (Gatti et al.) found that PEA as an add-on to standard therapy reduced pain scores in fibromyalgia patients. However, these studies are generally limited by small sample sizes, short durations, and methodological weaknesses. There is a lack of large, high-quality RCTs focused specifically on fibromyalgia. The biological rationale for PEA’s use stems from its action on the endocannabinoid system and its ability to downregulate mast cell activation and glial cell activity, both thought to play a role in fibromyalgia pathophysiology. In summary, while there is some preliminary scientific evidence supporting the use of PEA in fibromyalgia, the overall quality and quantity of the evidence are limited, justifying a moderate but not strong evidence rating.

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