Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 1

Diindolylmethane (DIM) is a compound derived from the digestion of indole-3-carbinol, which is found in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli and cabbage. DIM has gained attention for its potential effects on estrogen metabolism, specifically promoting the conversion of potent estrogen forms into less active metabolites. Uterine fibroids are estrogen-sensitive benign tumors, and altering estrogen metabolism has been proposed as a strategy to manage their growth. Scientific evidence supporting the use of DIM for uterine fibroids is currently limited and primarily preclinical. Some in vitro studies suggest DIM may exert anti-proliferative effects on uterine cells and modulate estrogen receptor activity. Animal studies have demonstrated DIM’s potential to reduce estrogen-driven tumor growth, but direct evidence in fibroid models is lacking. Human clinical trials specifically evaluating DIM for fibroids are sparse or nonexistent as of 2024. Most existing human data focus on DIM’s effects on estrogen metabolism and conditions like cervical dysplasia. Despite its popularity in integrative medicine and some promising mechanistic hypotheses, the scientific foundation for DIM’s use in fibroid management remains weak. No major clinical guidelines endorse DIM for this indication, and the evidence is insufficient to recommend its routine use. Further research, particularly well-designed human trials, is needed to clarify its efficacy and safety for uterine fibroids.

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